如何設計和選用重型汽車前橋
2020-05-19 17:58:06 人氣：857
在(zai)(zai)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)前橋(qiao)(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)中，通(tong)常驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)總(zong)成(cheng)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)由驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)殼體(ti)、主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)總(zong)成(cheng)(含差速(su)器(qi))、輪(lun)邊減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)總(zong)成(cheng)、制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)鉗以及(ji)(ji)全浮(fu)式(shi)左右半軸等部(bu)分組成(cheng)。重(zhong)型商用(yong)車(che)(che)(che)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)應(ying)當(dang)滿足(zu)如下(xia)基本(ben)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求：選擇適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)比(bi)，以保證汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)在(zai)(zai)給定的(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)燃(ran)油(you)經濟性(xing)(xing)(xing)；外(wai)廓尺寸小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，保證汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)離地(di)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)，以滿足(zu)通(tong)過性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求；齒輪(lun)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)他傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)件工(gong)作(zuo)平穩，噪聲小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)；在(zai)(zai)各種(zhong)載荷(he)和(he)(he)轉速(su)工(gong)況下(xia)有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)效率(lv)；具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)強度和(he)(he)剛度，以承受和(he)(he)傳(chuan)遞作(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)路面(mian)和(he)(he)車(che)(che)(che)架或車(che)(che)(che)身間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)力和(he)(he)力矩；在(zai)(zai)此(ci)條件下(xia)，盡可能降低(di)質量(liang)，尤其(qi)是(shi)簧下(xia)質量(liang)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)不平路面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)擊載荷(he)，提高(gao)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)平順性(xing)(xing)(xing)；與(yu)懸(xuan)架導向機(ji)(ji)構(gou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)協調。結(jie)構(gou)簡(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)，加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)，制(zhi)造容易(yi)(yi)，維修(xiu)、調整方便。我國重(zhong)型車(che)(che)(che)橋(qiao)(qiao)市場的(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)為雙(shuang)級(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)(qiao)和(he)(he)單(dan)(dan)級(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)(qiao)兩個(ge)方面(mian)，雙(shuang)級(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)(qiao)有(you)(you)(you)主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)加(jia)輪(lun)邊減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)。由于(yu)是(shi)二級(ji)(ji)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)，主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)速(su)比(bi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)總(zong)成(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，橋(qiao)(qiao)包(bao)相(xiang)(xiang)對減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，因此(ci)離地(di)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)加(jia)大，通(tong)過性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)。該系列橋(qiao)(qiao)總(zong)成(cheng)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)于(yu)公(gong)路運(yun)輸(shu)，以及(ji)(ji)石油(you)、工(gong)礦、林業、野外(wai)作(zuo)業和(he)(he)部(bu)隊(dui)等領(ling)域。單(dan)(dan)級(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)(qiao)由主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)，橋(qiao)(qiao)包(bao)尺寸大，離地(di)間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，相(xiang)(xiang)對雙(shuang)級(ji)(ji)橋(qiao)(qiao)而言，其(qi)通(tong)過性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)差，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)于(yu)公(gong)路運(yun)輸(shu)車(che)(che)(che)輛。單(dan)(dan)級(ji)(ji)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)是(shi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)中結(jie)構(gou)簡(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)，制(zhi)造工(gong)藝簡(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)，成(cheng)本(ben)較(jiao)低(di)，是(shi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)基本(ben)類型，在(zai)(zai)重(zhong)型汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)上占有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)地(di)位。與(yu)帶輪(lun)邊減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)，由于(yu)產(chan)品結(jie)構(gou)簡(jian)(jian)化，單(dan)(dan)級(ji)(ji)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)機(ji)(ji)械傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)效率(lv)提高(gao)，易(yi)(yi)損件減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)，可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)提高(gao)。從(cong)產(chan)品設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)角度看，重(zhong)型車(che)(che)(che)產(chan)品在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)比(bi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)6的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，盡量(liang)選用(yong)單(dan)(dan)級(ji)(ji)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)。
